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Diagnosis And Testing - Speaker

WARNING:

To avoid serious or fatal injury on vehicles equipped with airbags, disable the Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) before attempting any steering wheel, steering column, airbags, airbag curtains, knee blocker, seat belt tensioner, impact sensor or instrument panel component diagnosis or service. Disconnect the Intelligent Battery Sensor (IBS)/negative battery cable assembly from the negative battery post, then wait two minutes for the system capacitor to discharge before performing further diagnosis or service. This is the only sure way to disable the SRS. Failure to take the proper precautions could result in accidental airbag deployment.

CAUTION:

The speaker output of the radio is a "floating ground" system. Do not allow any speaker lead to short to ground, as damage to the radio may result.

multimedia:A supplement to the article is available.

Speaker Buzz, Squeak, Rattle (BSR) Diagnosis and Testing 

  1. Begin by verifying the customer complaint. The exact conditions that caused the issue for the customer must be used. Pay close attention to the following details
    1. Type of input (Frequency Modulation/FM, Amplitude Modulation/AM, Satellite Digital Audio Radio System/SDARS, Universal Serial Bus/USB, Auxiliary/AUX, Compact Disc/CD)
    2. Volume Level
    3. Audio settings, including bass and treble
  2. Once the complaint has been reproduced, clear the map pocket and storage bins of all loose items around the speaker in question.
  3. Attempt to reproduce the issue in a non-radio mode, such as CD, Bluetooth®, or Auxiliary Input. This will help determine if it is a speaker issue or a reception issue.
  4. If the speaker noise is still present, consult the Tech Connect home page and follow the instructions to download the Audio Test Files for Speaker Diagnosis onto a USB drive.
  5. Insert the USB drive into the proper input of the vehicle, and then set the following radio settings:
    1. Bass at maximum
    2. Mid and treble at neutral
    3. Volume at step 30
  6. Play all of the frequencies on the USB drive with the recommended settings. When a frequency reproduces the noise, press the interior panels around the speaker to see if the noise subsides. It may be necessary to replace broken trim clips or use foam tape to correct a speaker noise issue. Refer to the service manual for additional details.

Electrical Diagnosis and Testing 

The hard wired circuits between components related to the audio system may be diagnosed using conventional diagnostic tools and procedures. Refer to the appropriate wiring information. The wiring information includes wiring diagrams, proper wire and connector repair procedures, details of wire harness routing and retention, connector pin out information and location views for the various wire harness connectors, splices and grounds.

However, conventional diagnostic methods will not prove conclusive in the diagnosis of the radio, the audio amplifier or the electronic controls and communication between modules and other devices that provide some features of the audio system. The most reliable, efficient and accurate means to diagnose the radio, the audio amplifier or the electronic controls and communication related to audio system operation requires the use of a diagnostic scan tool. Refer to the appropriate diagnostic information.

  1. If all speakers are inoperative, inspect all of the radio related fuses. If OK, go to Step 2. If not OK, repair the shorted circuit or component as required and replace the ineffective fuse.
  2. If equipped with an audio amplifier, check the fuse for the amplifier. If OK, go to Step 3. If not OK, repair the shorted circuit or component as required and replace the ineffective fuse.
  3. Transition the ignition switch to the ON status. Turn the radio ON. Adjust the balance and fader control to check the performance of each individual speaker. Note the speaker locations that are not performing correctly. Go to Step 4.
  4. Turn the radio OFF. Transition the ignition switch to the OFF status. Disconnect and isolate the negative battery cable. If equipped with an IBS, disconnect the IBS connector first before disconnecting the negative battery cable. If vehicle is not  equipped with an audio amplifier, remove the radio. If vehicle is equipped with an amplifier, disconnect wire harness connector at the output side of the amplifier. Go to Step 5.
  5. Check both the speaker feed (+) circuit and return (-) circuit cavities for the inoperative speaker at the radio wire harness connector for continuity to ground. There should be no continuity. If OK, go to Step 6. If not OK, repair the shorted speaker feed (+) and/or return (-) circuit(s) to the speaker as required.
  6. Disconnect the wire harness connector at the inoperative speaker. Check for continuity between the speaker feed (+) circuit cavities of the radio wire harness connector or, if equipped, the audio amplifier wire harness connector and the speaker wire harness connector. Repeat the check between the speaker return (-) circuit cavities of the radio wire harness connector and the speaker wire harness connector. In each case, there should be continuity. If OK, replace the ineffective speaker. If not OK, repair the open speaker feed (+) and/or return (-) circuit(s) as required.
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